Details of Building Multi-storey Steel Frame Construction

Steel structure is a type of structure mainly made of steel materials,it is one of the major types of building structures used today. Steel has characteristics such as high strength, light weight, good overall rigidity, and strong deformation ability. It is particularly suitable for buildings with large spans, super heights, and super weights.

Features of Multi-storey Steel Frame Construction

Strength and Reliability

Steel is strong and flexible, with consistent structure, and can handle impact and dynamic loads well. It also reliably performs in earthquakes.

Lightweight and Strong

Although steel is heavy,compared to materials like concrete and wood, multi-storey steel frame construction can use smaller components, which can still bear heavy loads. This makes them very suitable for large buildings and long-span structures, and easier to transport and install.

Good Sealing Performance

Steel can be welded to form fully sealed structures. This makes multi-storey steel frame construction suitable for things like high-pressure containers, large water tanks, and pipelines that need to be sealed and waterproof.

Mechanization and Efficiency

Steel components are easy to manufacture in factories, with high precision and efficiency.They can be quickly assembled on site, reducing construction time.

Components of Multi-storey Steel Frame Construction

To understand the basic principles of multi-storey steel frame construction, one must start with the components of the building. First, steel mills produce raw materials for steel structures through hot rolling. After obtaining these raw materials, steel structure manufacturers process them according to detailed manufacturing drawings, creating steel beams and steel columns. Once the steel beams and steel columns are created, these components can be shipped to the construction site for assembly and combination, thereby completing the multi-storey steel frame construction.

Details to Consider in the Design of Multi-storey Steel Frame Construction

In the design of multi-storey steel frame construction, many details must be considered, such as the appropriate structural damping ratio, the design of rigid column bases, the design of beam-column rigid connections, and floor design. Below are some detailed considerations for the design of multi-storey steel frame construction.

Appropriate Structural Damping Ratio

When designing the entire multi-storey steel frame construction, the appropriate structural damping ratio must be selected, especially according to the requirements of the earthquake code. Generally, the damping ratio of the building should be 0.05, except for some specific regulations.

Since different steel structure systems have different seismic impact coefficients, the damping ratio should be chosen based on a comprehensive consideration of material proportions. Generally, the softer the overall structural rigidity, the lower the damping ratio.

Design of Rigid Column Bases

Multi-storey steel frame construction typically have column base types including embedded, encased, and exposed. Exposed types make on-site installation and positioning easier. It's important to note that the rigidity of column bases is achieved through the elastic or plastic deformation of the foundation plate. Therefore, during design, the limit value of the interlayer displacement angle must be fully considered because the bending moment at the bottom of the steel columns will increase due to the downward movement of the bending point.

Floor Design

Multi-storey steel frame construction floors include prefabricated boards, cast iron boards, and composite boards. If prefabricated boards are used, it is necessary to consider that cracks in prefabricated board joints may be caused by temperature changes and load distribution. In addition, when designing floors, it is essential to avoid centralized unidirectional layouts and strive to achieve a bidirectional bearing structure.

Design of Beam-Column Rigid Connections

When calculating the rigid connection between beams and columns in steel structures, traditional design methods or full-section bending design methods can be adopted. If the bending capacity of the steel beam flange exceeds 70% of the full-section bearing capacity, the traditional design method can be used; if less than 70%, the full-section bending design method should be adopted.

In conclusion, multi-storey steel frame construction has many aspects to consider in their design, and each aspect is crucial.